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- Washington, George 1732-1799. First president
- of the USA 1789-97. As a strong opponent of
- the British government's policy, he sat in
- the Continental Congresses of 1774 and 1775,
- and on the outbreak of the War of American
- Independence was chosen commander in chief.
- After the war he retired to his Virginia
- estate, Mount Vernon, but in 1787 he
- re-entered politics as president of the
- Constitutional Convention. Although he
- attempted to draw his ministers from all
- factions, his aristocratic outlook alienated
- his secretary of state, Thomas Jefferson, who
- resigned in 1793, thus creating the two-party
- system. Washington took part in campaigns
- against the French and American Indians
- 1753-57, and was elected to the Virginia
- House of Burgesses. He was elected president
- of the USA in 1789 and re-elected in 1793,
- but refused to serve a third term, setting a
- precedent that was followed until 1940. He
- scrupulously avoided overstepping the
- constitutional boundaries of presidential
- power. In his farewell address of 1796, he
- maintained that the USA should avoid European
- quarrels and entangling alliances. He is
- buried at Mount Vernon.
-